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Ephebic Oath
The Ephebic Oath was an oath sworn by young men of Classical Athens, typically eighteen-year-old sons of Athenian citizens, upon induction into the military academy, the Ephebic College,〔John Wilson Taylor, 'The Athenian ephebic oath', ''Classical journal'' (1918), 495-501.〕 graduation from which was required to attain status as citizens. The applicant would have been dressed in full armour, shield and spear in his left hand, his right hand raised and touching the right hand of the moderator.〔John Wilson Taylor, p.497.〕 The oath was quoted by the Attic orator Lycurgus, in his work ''Against Leocrates'' (4th century BCE), though it is certainly archaic (5th century BCE).〔Josiah Ober, ''Fortress Attica: defense of the Athenian land frontier, 404-322 B.C.'', Brill, 1985, p.91〕〔Rosalind Thomas, ''Oral tradition and written record in classical Athens'', Cambridge University Press, 1991, p.85〕 The ''Ephebate'', an organization for training the young men of Athens, chiefly in military matters, had existed since the 5th century but was reorganized by Lycurgus. The oath was taken in the temple of Aglaurus, daughter of Cecrops,〔Demosthenes, ''On the False Embassy'', (19.33 )〕 probably at the age of eighteen when the youth underwent an examination (Greek: δοκιμασία〔(δοκιμασία ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕) and had his name entered on the deme register. He was then an ephebus until the age of twenty.〔Aristotle, ''Athenian Constitution'', (42 )〕〔(Commentary ) on ''Against Leocrates''〕
==The Oath==
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